How to Teach Balanced Reading and Writing by Bonnie Burns

Author:Bonnie Burns
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: -
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2018-06-20T00:00:00+00:00

COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES

Comprehension strategies are specific, learned procedures that foster active, competent, self-regulated, and intentional reading. Most readers who are not taught comprehension strategies explicitly are unlikely to learn them or use them spontaneously (Trabasso & Bouchard, 2002). However, proficient readers may not even be aware they are using strategies until something goes awry with meaning. Strategic readers have a variety of techniques at their disposal and can intentionally select which ones to use and determine when to use them.

Which strategies do good readers need and use? The first group of strategies includes the basic problem-solving strategies that good readers use to construct meaning from text:

1. Linking one's background knowledge to the text

2. Figuring out unknown words

3. Visualizing

4. Predicting and then confirming or rejecting the prediction

5. Monitoring and thinking aloud

6. Generating questions

7. Using fix-up strategies when the text does not make sense

8. Using story and text structure

9. Summarizing

The second group of strategies includes those that readers use for higher level thinking:

1. Inferring

2. Generalizing and synthesizing

3. Evaluating

The last group involves attitudes and dispositions held by good readers:

1. Understanding that reading is meaningful communication

2. Seeing the need to read and choosing to do so

3. Having the willingness to expend considerable time and effort to become proficient

(Allington, 2001; Pressley & Wharton-McDonald, 2002; Duke & Pearson, 2002)

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